ly ly2157299  (MedChemExpress)

Journal: Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Article Title: Harnessing TGF-β signaling to improve testicular organoid development from dissociated testicular cells

doi: 10.1186/s13287-025-04513-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gross observation of TO development during TGF-β inhibition. ( A ) Schematic representation of TO culture and small molecules (SB or LY) treatment. The small molecules were added to the culture on day 5 and continued to be added on subsequent days until the end of the 16-day culture period. ( B ) Representative bright-field images of TiTOs on days 0, 8, and 16 of culture. The images illustrate cellular reorganization with different patterns during 16 days of culture, both with and without TGFβ inhibitors. Distinct compartments were observed only in the treated groups on day 8 and were more prominent on day 16 (red arrows). In contrast, cells in the control group formed compact and dense aggregates with no apparent compartmentalization. (Right panel: High magnification). TO: testicular organoid; TiTO: TGF-β inhibitor-derived testicular organoid; SB: SB431542; LY: LY2157299. Scale bars: 500 μm, high magnification: 200 μm

Article Snippet: After 5 days of culture, the medium was supplemented with the TGF-β inhibitors SB (SB431542,10 μM, Cayman) or LY (LY2157299, 5 μM, Medchem Express) for 11 days.

Techniques: Inhibition, Control, Derivative Assay

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Nanovesicles loaded with a TGF-β receptor 1 inhibitor overcome immune resistance to potentiate cancer immunotherapy

doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-39035-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: a The chemical structure of the nanovesicles integrating a phospholipid prodrug of JQ1, photosensitizer pyropheophorbide a (PPa), and transforming growth factor β receptor 1 (TGFR1) inhibitor LY2157299 (LY). b Schematic illustration of the cascade drug release of the nanovesicles. Matrix metallopeptidase-2 (MMP-2) cleaved the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) corona and induced the LY release. PPa generated singlet oxygen upon near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation to release JQ1-SH. c Diagram illustrating the mechanism of the nanovesicles to overcome immune resistance. The nanovesicles (ELJNV) breach the physical barrier and enhance the tumor-specific immune response upon the 671 nm laser irradiation to overcome the intrinsic immune resistance and simultaneously suppress the interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-induced inducible immune resistance in vivo. FI fluorescence imaging, PAI photoacoustic imaging, MRI nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, ROS reactive oxygen species, ECM extracellular matrix, CTLs cytotoxic T lymphocytes, α-SMA α-smooth muscle actin, PDT photodynamic therapy, ICD immunogenic cell death, PD-L1 programmed cell death 1, BRD4 bromodomain-containing protein 4, HMGB1 high mobility group box protein 1, CRT calreticulin, DC dendritic cell, CAFs cancer-associated fibroblasts, DPPC 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, JTP JQ1-thioketal (TK)-pPC, TGF-β1 transforming growth factor β1, 1 O 2 singlet oxygen, Gd 3+ gadolinium ion.

Article Snippet: JQ1 and LY2157299 (LY) were purchased from Selleck Chem Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Generated, Irradiation, In Vivo, Fluorescence, Imaging, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance